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Informal Power Structures in Georgia during Eduard Shevarnadze period (1992-2003)
Mirgatia, Edisher ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Brisku, Adrian (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to investigate and describe the causes and mechanisms of the strengthening of informal power structures in Georgia between 1992 and 2003. The case examined in this investigation are two structures of informal powers - "National Guard" and "Mkhedrioni". The research ultimately proves the dependence of Shevardnadze's rule on these powerful structures, as well as the conditions at the time, when Shevardnadze ruled with the help of related clans, his friends and acquaintances. The work analyses the power position of these structures in his government. From the point of view of the emergence of informality, the description of Shevardnadze's government in Georgia during the period of communism in the years 1972-1985 is key to the research. The research here focuses on the tools he used to gain power through his use of informal action. As part of the research, special attention is also given to organized crime and its involvement in politics.
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Negative, defamatory and mocking political campaigns in the Czech Republic in the years 2006 - 2010 and their effects on public politics [THESIS TEMPORARILY NOT PUBLICLY AVAILABLE]
Mludek, Ivo ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
The phenomenon of political marketing entered - together with democratic political competition - the Czech Republic after 1989. Together with parliamentary elections in 2006 a strong negative election campaigns appeared. The parliamentary elections in 2007 proved a stalemate and they launched a long period of political instability. An unusually sharp and mostly negative election campaign proceeded in the Czech Republic continuously during the years 2006 - 2010. For the first time foreign advisory firms prepared strategies for the biggest political parties - ČSSD and ODS. The election campaigns were characteristic not only of mass enter of negativism imported by the foreign consultants, but also of a great number of anonymous mocking and defamatory political advertisements, the customer and the payer of which was unknown and unable to find. The negative campaigns then introduced both the question of ethical limits in the election marketing and of the harmful influence of opaqueness in contracting and financing the campaigns. The thesis is dealing with regularities of political marketing which got control of Czech political scene in 2006 - 2010, and it formulates hypotheses about the possible effecs of negative, defamatory and mocking political campaigns on the environment of Czech public politics.
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Confessional political system and informal networks as the reasons of economic decline in Lebanon
Němeček, Stanislav ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Šmíd, Jan (referee)
This thesis attends the problem of institutional and political structure in a post-war economy of Lebanon. Lebanon was one of the countries in the Near east, which tried to apply principles known as Washington consensus. On this case we try to demonstrate the problem which appeared also in other countries of the world, where the same set of principles was applied and it was the insufficient attention dedicated to the issue of informal networks. We pay special attention to a confessional system in Lebanon which is based on division of powers on the basis of religion. This type of political structure produces creation of informal networks which substitute state apparatus and instigate corruption. The thesis proposes a modification of Lebanese system which will treat the institutional background with greater attention.
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